Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR) is crucial for safe and correct driving automation. Recent works revealed a general vulnerability of TSR models to physical-world adversarial attacks, which can be low-cost, highly deployable, and capable of causing severe attack effects such as hiding a critical traffic sign or spoofing a fake one.

https://securityboulevard.com/2026/03/ndss-2025-on-the-realism-of-lidar-spoofing-attacks-against-autonomous-driving-vehicle/